France’s nationwide protests against rising living costs and poor public services turned violent in several cities on October 17. A fire largely destroyed Limoges’ 143-year-old town hall, while shops and public buildings were damaged elsewhere. Most demonstrators marched peacefully, but some groups clashed with police and looted businesses. 

Fire Destroys Much of Limoges Town Hall

Masked individuals set fire to Limoges town hall during the unrest. Local officials said much of the roof collapsed and described the building as largely lost.  In Marseille, protesters briefly entered the lobby of the city hall, while an attempted break-in was reported at Lille’s city hall. A fire broke out inside Lyon’s tourist office. Authorities also reported attacks on local government buildings in Bordeaux. 

Clashes and Arrests Across France

In Paris, police used tear gas and water cannons as some masked protesters threw fireworks and other objects. Cars and bins were set alight, and shops were looted. Clashes and property damage were reported in cities including Nice, Nantes, Toulouse and Strasbourg. 

Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu later said 1,200 people had been arrested and 150 police officers injured. An earlier Associated Press report cited the Interior Ministry’s figure of about 400 arrests. The government counted 550,000 marchers nationwide, while the CGT union estimated 800,000.  In Saint-Étienne, a young protester lost a hand. Officials confirmed the injury but did not confirm reports that it was caused by a police grenade. The circumstances were under investigation. 

Student Protests and Living Costs Fuel Anger

The demonstrations followed weeks of student protests over teacher shortages and poor school conditions. The movement broadened to include grievances about rising living costs, inequality and public services. Some protesters also called for a revival of the Yellow Vest movement, which emerged in 2018. President Emmanuel Macron said those responsible for attacking businesses and public buildings would be prosecuted.

Political Leaders React Ahead of 2027 Election

The unrest adds to political tensions ahead of France’s 2027 presidential election. Marine Le Pen condemned the rioters and accused the far left of legitimising violence. Jean-Luc Mélenchon supported the student movement and urged demonstrators to avoid looting.