The US Supreme Court is reviewing a major legal challenge to President Donald Trump’s January 2025 executive order seeking to end birthright citizenship. During a hearing on Wednesday, April 1, 2026, justices examined whether the policy aligns with the US Constitution and federal law.

Birthright citizenship is based on the 14th Amendment, which states that anyone born in the United States is automatically a citizen, regardless of their parents’ immigration status. This principle, known as jus soli or “right of soil,” has been a cornerstone of US law since 1868, with limited exceptions such as children of diplomats.

Trump’s order argues that children of undocumented or temporary residents are not fully subject to US jurisdiction and should not receive automatic citizenship. The proposal has sparked debate over constitutional interpretation and immigration policy.

Globally, several countries still follow birthright citizenship, but many, including India, have moved away from it. India initially allowed citizenship by birth but later restricted it through legal amendments requiring at least one parent to be a citizen or legal resident.

A final ruling from the Supreme Court is expected in early summer, with significant implications for US immigration law.